监测揭示规模,仍有盲点

《卫报》结合卫星图像及专家访问,报道2月底战争开始后海湾油污问题。绿色和平称识别逾500次油污迹象,每日油污覆盖面积累加约两万平方公里;这个累加值会包含不同时点的区域,不能写成同一天全部受污染面积。部分油污与遇袭船只相关,部分来源尚未确认。

几个具体案例

报道指10月Gem No 2油轮遇袭后出现约35公里长油带;绿色和平估计6月另一事故的阿曼近海油污峰值超过600平方公里。污染亦曾接近红树林、珊瑚及海龟繁殖区域。阿联酋称10月30日Gem No 2泄漏已止、污染下降,阿曼也进行岸线清理;局部处置完成不代表整个海湾恢复。

为何影响可能跨越多年

研究者指出,油污可滞留沉积物、海岸与红树林根部,反复泄漏会增加修复难度。海湾浅水、高温和战时调查限制,使完整评估更困难。对加拿大读者,这补充了油价新闻之外的战争成本:渔业、沿岸居民和生态系统承受的损害未必随航运恢复而消失。

来源:The Guardian 原报道。大鱼新闻整理原创中文摘要;保留原网页刊发日期。

Oil washes up on a beach in Umm Al Quwain, UAE, on 24 October. Photograph: AP

Oil washes up on a beach in Umm Al Quwain, UAE, on 24 October. Photograph: AP

The Minoan Pioneer off the coast of Muscat, Oman, on 30 October. Photograph: Arnel Hecimovic/The Guardian

The Minoan Pioneer off the coast of Muscat, Oman, on 30 October. Photograph: Arnel Hecimovic/The Guardian

A satellite image showing an oil slick spreading off the coast of Kharg Island, a key oil export terminal for Iran, in May. Photograph: Copernicus Sentinel data/AFP/Getty Images

A satellite image showing an oil slick spreading off the coast of Kharg Island, a key oil export terminal for Iran, in May. Photograph: Copernicus Sentinel data/AFP/Getty Images

An oil slick along the southern coast of Qeshm Island, Iran, on 13 August. Photograph: ISNA/AFP/Getty Images

An oil slick along the southern coast of Qeshm Island, Iran, on 13 August. Photograph: ISNA/AFP/Getty Images